HEPATITIS

 

Hepatitis

The inflammation of liver caused by viral or bacterial infection or continuous exposure to alcohol drugs or toxic chemicals

Types : 3 types (Toxic , Alcoholic , Viral)

Toxic :due to drug , intestine toxin

Alcoholic : its reversible

Seen in patient consuming alcohol for long time

Viral hepatitis

Eg hepatitis A B C D E G                                                                        

Hepatitis A

Caused by hepatitis A virus

Transmission : feco oral route , contaminated food and water

Incubation period : 15-50days

Oncet : abrupt

Symptoms : fatigue , fever , abdominal pain , nausea , diarrhoea , lethargy , weight loss , pain on right upper quadrant

Rx : no specific treatment , take rest , avoid fatty food and alcohol , stay hydrated

Investigation : Ig M , Ig G , SGOT , SGPT

Hepatitis B

Caused by hepatitis B virus

Transmission : body fluid serum , blood , lymph , saliva

Seen in young adult

It may be ACUTE Or CHRONIC

Diagnosis :SGOT ,  SGPT , bilirubin increased , albumin increased

Markers

Hepatitis B surface antigen
Hepatitis B antibody

Rx : anti viral drugs

Hepatitis C

Non hepatitis A and non hepatitis B type

Seen in intra venous drug users

Blood borne disease

Asymptomatic

Diagnosis : LFT , HCV-RNA test

Rx : anti viral drug

Hepatitis D

Seen along with hepatitis B virus , in young adults

Caused by : hepatitis D virus

Onset : unknown

Incubation : unknown      transmission same as hepatitis B

Rx or precaution : hepatitis B vaccine

Hepatitis E

Caused by : hepatitis E virus

Onset : abrupt

Incubation : 2-8 weeks

Transmission : feco oral route

Hepatitis G  

Caused by : hepatitis G   virus

Seen with either B/C/HIV

 

Hepatitis has four phases

Viral replication phase

Asymptomatic , patient as a carrier

Prodromal phase

Nausea , jaundice , fever , diarrhoea

Icteric phase

Dark urine , clay stool , tenderness on abdomen , weight loss

Convulsant phase

Symptoms resolve without medicine